Computing in Northamptonshire: 2015

Saturday 26 December 2015

The management of the future internet

A recent presentation by Ameer Al-Sadi, a PhD student, discusses the use of Software-Defined Networks as part of the future of the internet.

Ameer Al-Sadi
Topic: Network management by help distributed system

The management of the future internet.

Al-Sadi, A., Al-Sherbaz, A., Xue, J. and Turner, S. J.

8th Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU) Postgraduate Research Conference 2015: Innovation, Manchester Metropolitan University,

05 November 2015.

Abstract
The future internet will include a cloud of assisted living and smart applications that serve a user by providing a remote communication and management for specific resources. It will contain a numerous number of fixed and movable devices, sensors, and actuators. This requires very fast and dynamic communication, which is performed by a novel paradigm of network that contains a forwarding device with a central management, called Software-Define Network (SDN). SDN provides a faster, cheaper and more efficient network. In addition, it strongly supports Network Function Virtualization (NFV), which enables the quicker development of the network by using the software programs for executing the network functions instead of physical devices.
The aim of the research is to optimise the distribution and use of the SDN network resources through the following objectives: Develop the algorithm responsible for determining the initial number and the location of the elements of SDN network; The algorithm will extend to dynamically adapt this number and these locations according to the network changes; Model software platform to run SDN in wide Area Network and optimize its performance by applying the developed algorithms.
The implications of SDN will be pervasive because it is a powerful network paradigm, which carries the solutions for today's problems. The proposed algorithm will fill part of the gap of the SDN network management and enhance its performance. This work aims to be a helpful tool to design, test and manage any SDN network, starting from the campus network and extending to multiple campuses or the city.

Citation Al-Sadi, A., Al-Sherbaz, A., Xue, J. and Turner, S. J. (2015) The management of the future internet.Workshop presentation to: 8th Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU) Postgraduate Research Conference 2015: Innovation, Manchester Metropolitan University, 05 November 2015.
...is now publicly visible in NECTAR

More details of the paper can be found at: The management of the future internet.

If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Tuesday 22 December 2015

evolutionary algorithms to select filters for evoked potential enhancement+ references

Use of evolutionary algorithms to select filters for evoked potential enhancement

Scott Turner

University of Leicester

Published: 2000

http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29366
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3654.3204

Abstract
Evoked potentials are electrical signals produced by the nervous system in response to a stimulus. In general these signals are noisy with a low signal to noise ratio. The aim was to investigate ways of extracting the evoked response within an evoked potential recording, achieving a similar signal to noise ratio as conventional averaging but with less repetitions per average. In this thesis, evolutionary algorithms were used in three ways to extract the evoked potentials from a noisy background. First, evolutionary algorithms selected the cut-off frequencies for a set of filters. A different filter or filter bank was produced for each data set. The noisy signal was passed through each filter in a bank of filters the filter bank output was a weighted sum of the individual filter outputs. The goal was to use three filters ideally one for each of the three regions (early, middle and late components), but the use of five filters was also investigated. Each signal was split into two time domains: the first 30ms of the signal and the region 30 to 400ms. Filter banks were then developed for these regions separately. Secondly, instead of using a single set of filters applied to the whole signal, different filters (or combinations of filters) were applied at different times. Evolutionary algorithms are used to select the duration of each filter, as well as the frequency parameters and weightings of the filters. Three filtering approaches were investigated. Finally, wavelets in conjunction with an evolutionary algorithm were used to select particular wavelets and wavelet parameters. A comparison of these methods with optimal filtering methods and averaging was made. Averages of 10 signals were found suitable, and time-varying techniques were found to perform better than applying one filter to the whole signal.

Full text versions are available from:

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If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Thursday 17 December 2015

Aldebaran NAO robot in Teaching

Photo by John Sinclair

I had my first opportunity today to try an Aldebaran NAO robot as a teaching tool in an AI class today at the University of Northampton. The session was an end of term activity around summarising what we did in the AI class so far and questions.

A question came up around AI and it's impact on society. Perfect opportunity to bring in a social robot - especially as a precursor for when we include a session on social robotics next term.

The robot was part of the investment in STEM teaching part-funded by HEFCE.

All opinions in this blog are the Author's and should not in any way be seen as reflecting the views of any organisation the Author has any association with.If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Friday 11 December 2015

BCS Northampton: IVR Part 2 - Understanding the development technology

26th January 2016

IVR Part 2 - Understanding the development technology

Avenue Campus, University of Northampton

7pm starting at 7:30pm

With the advent of VOIP and VoiceXML, the IVR and speech industry now shares much of its architecture with that of the Web industry, and it is now possible to write a single application and deliver its functionality via speech, mobile app or Web browser, or for a user to start a transaction with one technology and complete it via another. These are exciting times for converged technologies.

Despite this convergence and advances within the industry, the speech channel still presents some challenges to users. Touch-tone IVR systems are widely considered to be unpopular, and now seem outdated, and guided speech recognition is often parodied for having a limited ability to understand its users. The Holy Grail of speech automation is Natural Language Understanding, which allows users to speak to the computer as if speaking to a human operator, but how natural is it to interact with a computer using voice, rather than, say, a Web browser, and what particular problems does this mode of interaction present to the user?

How to find Avenue Campus

If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Wednesday 9 December 2015

BCS Northampton: IVR Part 1 - Application user interface

IVR Part 1 - Application user interface

15th December 2015

Avenue Campus, University of Northampton

7pm starting at 7:30pm

The Application User Interface is key to developing a new Service or user Application.

The best Applications use a Simple Formula.

1 Keep it simple (Ask the right questions)

2 Reduce the amount of information required from the user.

3 Feedback simple but succinct information.

4 Extract Known or available information (CLI, DNIS, Account details, Mobile number, IP address etc.)

5 Communication should be a no blame format should be seen as a second stage information gathering

Applications can be

1 Voice based (Speech or Tone)

2 Application based (Web)

3 Multimedia/Hybrid (Audio, Voice, Web, SMS, Email, Web)

Knowing how to communicate with the end user is key to a successful deployment.

Build up knowledge on regular callers understand their preferences.

How to find Avenue Campus

Friday 4 December 2015

BCS Bedford: How to select your new cloud provider: A rigorous, effective and proven approach

A BCS (British Computer Society) Bedford branch Event at the Park Inn, Bedford

Date: Wednesday, 27 January 2016

Topic: ”How to select your new cloud provider: A rigorous, effective and proven approach”

Speakers: Martin Tate

Time: 6.30-8.00pm; registration starts at 6:00pm

Location: Tavistock Suite, The Park Inn Hotel, 2 St Mary's Street, Bedford MK42 0AR

You are warmly invited to attend a FREE evening talk at The Park Inn, Bedford (opposite Bedford College) on Wednesday 27 January 2016.

”How to select your new cloud provider: A rigorous, effective and proven approach” is the topic of a talk by Martin Tate.

Most organisations under-estimate the risks when selecting IT solutions such as cloud provision. They use conventional product procurement approaches, or the informal “I’ll know it when I see it”. Martin Tate’s presentation explains why ordinary approaches pretty much guarantee the best candidate will withdraw or be de-listed. He illustrates his methodical approach using an actual cloud selection – his first was in 2002, before it was even termed cloud – the winner was provably a better fit, but less than one-tenth the cost of the runner up.

A ‘poacher turned gamekeeper’, Martin formerly worked for an IT provider and was trained to sell software. He has been an independent consultant for over 20 years, specialising in evaluating, selecting and procuring off-the-shelf solutions. He has personally run or rescued 52 selection projects and appraised over 1,000 candidate solutions. However, the most important statistic is zero – never once has an IT selection gone through his method and procured software that proved unfit for purpose.

BCS awarded Martin Chartered Fellow status in 2007 for eminence in the field of IT selections and in March published his book ‘Off-The-Shelf IT Solutions: A practitioner's guide to selection and procurement’.

More recently, the International Requirements Engineering Board (IREB) published his article ‘IT Requirements when Buying, not Making: Effective specifications to select off-the-shelf software’ in the latest RE Magazine. You can read this article at: http://re-magazine.ireb.org/issues/2015-4-building-the-extreme/

Agenda

6.00pm Registration, refreshments and networking

6.30pm Introduction

"How to select your new cloud provider: A rigorous, effective and proven approach”

7.20pm Opportunity to question the speaker

7.45pm Thanks

Opportunity to network and talk to the speakers

There is free parking to the rear of The Park Inn Hotel. Note: Please give your vehicle registration at reception on arrival otherwise you may incur a penalty charge. Parking spaces are also available at a £1 charge on the Bedford College Campus. There are also free parking areas in the vicinity.

Everybody is welcome – please mention this to friends and colleagues.

Information on this and other talks are available on our Branch website: www.beds.bcs.org.uk

. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Tuesday 1 December 2015

Discussing computing on the radio

Yesterday (30th November 2015) there was a discussion on BBC Radio Northampton on:

- what is immersive technologies?

- why coding is important?

- The Race to the Top Coding Competition

Click on ▶ BBC Radio Northampton - John Griff, 30/11/2015: The discussion starts 15 minutes in and end about 30 minutes in.

To learn more about the coding competition go to: http://www3.northamptonshire.gov.uk/councilservices/children-families-education/information-for-school-staff/race-to-the-top/Pages/northamptonshire-coding-competition.aspx

'via Blog this'

Sunday 29 November 2015

Minecraft | Code.org

Minecraft | Code.org:

This is really good fun. Taken from the code.org using Minecraft to develop programming skills.

go to https://code.org/mc to play with it.

'via Blog this'

If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

The Impact of Obstacle on the Performance of Vehicular Ad hoc Network

A recent dissertation by an MSc Computing (Computing Network Engineering) looked at Vehicular Ad Hoc Network simulation for reducing traffic congestion and how obstacles effect the communication performance in the network.

The Impact of Obstacle on the Performance of Vehicular Ad hoc Network

Nuraddeen Ali Goni

Abstract

Recently, Vehicular Ad hoc network (VANeT) has gain popularity due to the increase in vehicle safety and reducing traffic jam in urban and highway environment. Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment (WAVE) which is part of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) protocol was developed to adapt to VANeT requirements to support vehicle communication and Intelligent Transport System (ITS). The dissertation focuses on simulating how obstacles affect the performance of VANeT communication. Communication takes place using Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-toInfrastructure (V2I) architecture with emphasis on Line of Sight (LOS) and Non-line of Sight (NLOS) transmission by the measuring total number of successful and unsuccessful packets decoded. The simulation was implemented using open source Veins framework which runs on OMNeT++ engine, coupled with SUMO which provides a realistic microsimulation for vehicles. The research is limited to Northampton town centre, Avenue and Park Campus surroundings. The environments were implemented with low, medium and high vehicle density with message broadcast throughout the simulation run time. Results generated were evaluated and analysed. Final results suggest that LOS and NLOS transmission play a role on different circumstances with regard to VANeT architecture and application. Finally, this project is the continuation of interim report written earlier.

Supervised by Dr Ali Al-Sherbaz

If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Towards the Development of a Smart Entry System

A recent work by an MSc Computing student looked at a low cost door entry control system with video, audio and app development.

Towards the Development of a Smart Entry System

Matthew Jarvis

Abstract
Commercial offerings related to the Internet of Things (IoT) have proliferated in the last decade. Among them is a collection of smart entry systems that enable homeowners to see, hear and speak to visitors, even when they are not at home. Given the relatively low cost of the hardware required to build these systems, a number of developers have assembled similar units using affordable, off-the-shelf components. This dissertation documents the process taken to research, design, build and test a non-commercial smart entry system. In doing so, a contribution is made to the current knowledge within this field. The system is developed in 4 stages. The first 3 involve the construction of individual subsystems, which are integrated in the final stage. Upon completion, evidence is given to demonstrate that the final system functions effectively and that the selected approach was beneficial to the development process.

Supervised by Dr Scott Turner

If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Tuesday 24 November 2015

Dr Scott Turner (update 2015)- robots, genetic algorithms and problem-solving

Some rights reserved by Patrick Hoesly

Research Interests

Robotics
Problem-solving and computer-related pedagogy
Genetic Algorithms and Neural Network Applications
Signal Progressing

Recent Publications

Sidoumou, M. R., Turner, S. J., Picton, P., Bechkoum, K. and Benatchba , K. (2015) Multitasking in Emotion Modelling Attention Control. In: Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII).Xi'an, china: IEEE. 978-1-4799-9953-8/15

Olajubu, O., Ajit, S., Johnson, M., Turner, S., Thomson, S. and Edwards, M. (2015) Automated Test Case Generation from Domain Specific Models of High-level Requirements. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Research in Adaptive and Convergent Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 505-508.

Al-Khalil AB, Al-Sherbaz A, Turner S (2015) "Utilising SCM – MIMO Channel Model Based on V-BLAST Channel Coding in V2V Communication." 8th international workshop on communication technologies for vehicles. 6-8 May 2015 Tunis, Tunisa

Turner S (2015) "Enhancing computing student employability skills through partnership working in STEM outreach" CEISEE 2015

Ajah S, Al-Sherbaz A, Turner S, Picton P (2015) "Machine to machine communications energy efficiencies: the implications of different M2M communications specifications" International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing (IJWMC), volume 8, pp. 15--26, 2015

Al-Khalil AB, Al-Sherbaz A, Turner S (2014)Feasibility Study of Utilising SCM – MIMO Channel Model in V2V Communication. 7^th international workshop on communication technologies for vehicles. 2014 Saint-Petersburg – Russia (accepted)

Al-Khalil AB, Al-Sherbaz A, Turner S (2014) SCM – MIMO Channel Model Based on V-BLAST Channel Coding in V2V Communication. Submitted to the 3^rd international conference on connected vehicles and expo.Vienna – Austria 2014. (accepted)

Hill G, Turner S (2014) Chapter 5: Electronic Online Marking of Software Assignments", Progress in IS: Software Engineering Education for a Global E-service Economy, Motta, Gianmario; Bing, Wu (Eds.), Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-04216-9, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-04217-6_5

Forti Y, Bechkoum K, Turner S and Ajit S (2014) The adoption of e-government in Arab Countries - The case of Libya European Conference on eGovernment ECEG 2014 Spiru Haret University, Romania 12-13 June 2014

Hill G, Svennevik E, Turner S (2014) "Computer Science Courses Using Laptops" Innovation in Teaching and Learning in Information and Computer Sciences (preprint)

Ajah S, Al-Sherbaz Ali, Turner S, Picton P (2014) “Sub 1GHz M2M Communications Standardization: The Advancement in White Space Utilization for Enhancing the Energy Efficiency” PGNet 2014 Liverpool John Moore's University, UK 23rd June 2014.

Turner S, Holmes N, Gordon A (2014) "Visualising the Field" Workshop Northampton Learning and Teaching Conference 2014- Northampton 2018: Planning, Designing and Delivering Student Success University of Northampton 22nd May 2014

Sinclair J, Allen A, Davis L, Goodchild T, Messenger J, Turner S (2014) "Enhancing student employability skills through partnership working in STEM outreach " Northampton Learning and Teaching Conference 2014- Northampton 2018: Planning, Designing and Delivering Student Success University of Northampton 22nd May 2014

Sinclair J, Allen A, Davis L, Goodchild T, Messenger J, Turner S (2014) "Enhancing student employability skills through partnership working in STEM outreach; the University of Northampton approach " HEA STEM Annual Teaching and Learning Conference 2013: Enhancing the STEM Student Journey, University of Edinburgh, 30th April-1st May 2014

Turner S (2014) "Greenfoot in Problem solving and Artificial Intelligence" CEISEE 2014 University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu China 24-25 April 2014.

Kaczmarczyk S, Mirhadizadeh S, Picton P, Salamaliki-Simpson R, Turner S (2013) Modelling, simulation and experimental validation of nonlinear dynamic interactions in an aramid rope system ICOVP Lisbon, Portugal 9-12 September 2013

Shwail SH, Karim A, Turner S.(2013): Probabilistic Multi Robot Path Planning in Dynamic Environments: A Comparison between A* and DFS. International Journal of Computer Applications 82(7):29-34, November 2013. Published by Foundation of Computer Science, New York, USA

Turner S (2013) Junkbots – it is not one thing! Engage 2013 27-28th September 2013

Hill G and Turner S (2013) Electronic Online Marking Of Software Assignments (EOMOSA) CEISIE 2013 13th -14th May 2013 Milan
Turner S (2013) Junkbots HEA STEM: Annual Learning and Teaching Conference 2013: Where practice and pedagogy meet 17 Apr 2013 - 18 Apr 2013

Al-Khalil AB, Al-Sherbaz A, Turner S (2013) Enhancing the Physical Layer in V2V Communication Using OFDM – MIMO Techniques 14th Annual PostGraduate Symposium on The Convergence of Telecommunications, Networking and Broadcasting (PGNET 2013) in Liverpool 24-25th June 2013.
Turner, S (2012) Case Studies in Web Sustainability Ariadne No 70 ISSN: 1361-3200

Maunder, R., Turner, S., Sneddon, S. and Crouch, A. (2012) Editorial. Enhancing the Learner Experience in Higher Education. 4(1), pp. 1-2. 2041-3122.

Turner, S. and Al-Sherbaz, A. (2012) What's the problem with problem-solving? Seminar Presentation presented to: Insights into the future of learning and teaching at Northampton, University of Northampton, 3rd December 2012.

Kariyawasam K., A., Turner S., Hill G. (2012) "Is it Visual? The importance of a Problem Solving Module within a Computing course", Computer Education, Volume 10, Issue 166, May 2012, pp. 5-7, ISSN: 1672-5913.

Hill G., Turner S. (2012) "Referencing within Code in Software Engineering Education!", Computer Education, Volume 10, Issue 166, May 2012, pp. 1-4, ISSN: 1672-5913.

Hill G, Turner S (2011) Chapter 7 Problems First Software Industry-Oriented Education Practices and Curriculum Development: Experiences and Lessons edited by Drs. Matthew Hussey, Xiaofei Xu and Bing Wu. ISBN: 978-1609607975 IGI Global June 2011

Wang, Y., Picton, P., Turner, S. and Attenburrow, G (2011) The Subjective Measurement of Leather Handle by Descriptive Sensory Analysis, Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association, Apr 2011 pp 134-139

Wang, Y., Picton, P., Turner, S. and Attenburrow, G (2011) Predicting Leather Handle like an Expert Artificial Neural Networks, Applied Artificial Intelligence, Volume 25, Issue 2 February 2011 , pages 180 - 192 ISSN: 0883-9514DOI:10.1080/08839514.2011.545218 pp 180-192.

Turner S and Hill G (2010) "Innovative use of Robots and Graphical Programming in Software Education" Computer Education Ser. 117 No. 9 pp 54-57 ISSN: 1672-5913

Turner S and Hill G(2008) "Robots within the Teaching of Problem-Solving" ITALICS vol. 7 No. 1 June 2008 pp 108-119 ISSN 1473-7507

Hill G and Turner S (2013) Electronic Online Marking Of Software Assignments (EOMOSA) CEISIE 2013 13th -14th May 2013 Milan (accepted)

Turner S (2013) Junkbots HEA STEM: Annual Learning and Teaching Conference 2013: Where practice and pedagogy meet 17 Apr 2013 - 18 Apr 2013 (accepted)

Turner, S. and Al-Sherbaz, A. (2012) What's the problem with problem-solving? Seminar Presentation presented to: Insights into the future of learning and teaching at Northampton, University of Northampton, 3rd December 2012.

Turner S (2011) Neural Nets Robotics Workshop. Bot Shop! University of Derby, 28th October 2011.

Hill, G, Svennevik E, Turner S (2011) "Green Computer Science Courses. No more labs full of computers, we're going mobile!" The 7th China - Europe International Symposium on Software Industry Oriented Education (CEISIE 2011), University of Northampton 23-24th May 2011

Turner S (2011) "Junkbots" The 7th China - Europe International Symposium on Software Industry Oriented Education (CEISIE 2011), University of Northampton 23-24th May 2011

McGovern K, Mothersole P, Turner S (2011) "Influencing students' construction of personalised concept maps through the use of query expansion (QE) searching of the World Wide Web" Learning Global, University of Northampton 11th May 2011

Kariyawasam K and Turner (2011) "Is it Visual? problem solving evaluation" Learning Global,University of Northampton 11th May 2011

Goodchild T, Dravid R, Turner S (2011) "Mind the Gender Gap - Reflections on addressing gender diversity in Computing and Engineering" Learning Global,University of Northampton 11th May 2011

Zhao F, Turner S, Hill G, Dravid R, Zhang Y (2010) A Virtual Environment Training System for Haptic Laparoscopic Surgery 16th International Conference on Automation and Computing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, 11 September 2010

Turner S (2010) "PowerPoint is just the start" Learning Dialogues: Learning and Teaching Conference, University of Northampton 13th May 2010

Turner S (2010) "Initial Experience of using Audio Feedback" Learning Dialogues: Learning and Teaching Conference, University of Northampton 13th May 2010

Turner S(2009) " PowerPoint, but what else?"10th Higher Education Academy-ICS Conference, University of Kent, 24-27th August 2009, pp 151 ISBN 978-0-9559676-6-5

Turner S (2009)"Initial experience of using audio feedback for general assignment feedback" A Word In Your Ear 2009 Sheffield Hallam University, 18 December 2009 pg 12

Turner S, Hill G, Adams J (2009) "Robots in problem solving in programming" 9th 1-day Teaching of Programming Workshop, University of Bath, 6th April 2009.

Turner S (2009) "Tiddlywikis for student developed resources" Transitions: Teaching and Learning Conference 13th May 2009 University of Northampton.

Turner S (2008) "TiddlyWikis for Student Developed Resources" 9th Higher Education Academy-ICS Annual Conference, Liverpool Hope University, 26th August - 28th August 2008. pp. 192 ISBN 978-0-9559676-0-3.

Turner S and Adams J (2008) "Robots and Problem Solving" 9th Higher Education Academy-ICS Annual Conference, Liverpool Hope University, 26th August - 28th August 2008. pp. 14 ISBN 978-0-9559676-0-3.

Minai, A, Turner S, and Hill. G (2008) "Motivational Differences in Learning Internet Programming Between Arts and Computing Students" 9th Higher Education Academy-ICS Annual Conference, Liverpool Hope University, 26th August - 28th August 2008. pp. 197 ISBN 978-0-9559676-0-3.

Adams, J. and Turner, S., (2008) Problem Solving and Creativity for Undergraduate Computing and Engineering students: the use of robots as a development tool Creating Contemporary Student Learning Environments 2008, Northampton, UK.

Adams, J. and Turner, S., (2008) Problem Solving and Creativity for Undergraduate Engineers: process or product? International Conference on Innovation, Good Practice and Research in Engineering Education 2008, Loughborough, UK.

Adams, J., Turner, S., Kaczmarczyk, S., Picton, P. and Demian, P.,(2008). Problem Solving and Creativity for Undergraduate Engineers: findings of an action research project involving robots International Conference on Engineering Education ICEE 2008, Budapest, Hungary.

Contact: scott.turner@northampton.ac.uk
Profile:http://www.northampton.ac.uk/people/scott.turner

ORCID reference: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2735-3220